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微波散射计 6

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海洋二号卫星主被动微波遥感探测技术研究

蒋兴伟,林明森,宋清涛

《中国工程科学》 2013年第15卷第7期页码 4-11

摘要：

介绍了海洋二号（HY-2A）卫星4个微波有效载荷（雷达高度计、微波散射计、扫描微波辐射计和校正微波辐射计）的功能、性能和设计指标。HY-2A卫星突破了我国微波遥感设备技术上的瓶颈，为海洋环境监测预报业务化和防灾减灾提供了必要的海洋观测手段，解决了我国自主海洋动力环境参数遥感观测有无的问题。HY-2A卫星的成功发射和业务化运行为我国海洋卫星发展规划打下了坚实的基础。

关键词： HY-2A卫星微波遥感海洋遥感雷达高度计微波散射计微波辐射计

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An Ultracompact Spoof Surface Plasmon Sensing System for Adaptive and Accurate Detection of Gas Using

Xuanru Zhang,Jia Wen Zhu,Tie Jun Cui,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.05.013

摘要： Resonantly enhanced dielectric sensing has superior sensitivity and accuracy because the signal is measured from relative resonance shifts that are immune to signal fluctuations. For applications in the Internet of Things (IoT), accurate detection of resonance frequency shifts using a compact circuit is in high demand. We proposed an ultracompact integrated sensing system that merges a spoof surface plasmon resonance sensor with signal detection, processing, and wireless communication. A software-defined scheme was developed to track the resonance shift, which minimized the hardware circuit and made the detection adaptive to the target resonance. A microwave spoof surface plasmon resonator was designed to enhance sensitivity and resonance intensity. The integrated sensing system was constructed on a printed circuit board with dimensions of 1.8 cm × 1.2 cm and connected to a smartphone wirelessly through Bluetooth, working in both frequency scanning mode and resonance tracking mode and achieving a signal-to-noise ratio of 69 dB in acetone vapor sensing. This study provides an ultracompact, accurate, adaptive, sensitive, and wireless solution for resonant sensors in the IoT.

关键词： Spoof surface plasmons Internet of Things Integrated sensing Resonance tracking Microwave sensing

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中国微波遥感发展的新阶段新任务

姜景山,吴一戎,刘和光,董晓龙

《中国工程科学》 2008年第10卷第6期页码 10-15

摘要：

在回顾和总结国际微波遥感发展40余年和中国微波遥感发展30余年的基础上，着重分析中国微波遥感技术发展现状，分析了中国在未来几十年对微波遥感发展的广泛要求。文章提出适应这些需求并进一步提高微波遥感发展水平的若干战略设想和一些值得重视研究的前沿技术领域，指出了当前我国在发展微波遥感中值得重视的几个问题。

关键词：微波遥感对地观测空间探测信息处理

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面向21世纪的中国微波遥感技术发展

姜景山

《中国工程科学》 1999年第1卷第2期页码 78-82

摘要：

综论了中国微波遥感的发展过程、取得的成绩、总体技术现状，并为未来的发展提出了战略性设想及建议；讨论了航天微波遥感若干技术，从新的角度分析了特点，力求搞清当前在微波遥感发展中的一些问题；提出全面正确认识微波遥感和充分开发深层次信息，讨论了各种遥感手段的综合探测问题；提出建立目前用于遥感的全电磁波综合探测系统的问题。

关键词：微波遥感航天技术电磁波雷达散射计高度计辐射计

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不同微波遥感模态和不同数据组合的等湿度区域分布与土壤湿度的反演

袁苇,李宗谦,刘宁

《中国工程科学》 2004年第6卷第6期页码 50-56

摘要：

论述了主动、被动和主动被动相结合的3种微波遥感模态反演土壤湿度的方法和特点。为了采用人工神经网络方法反演出土壤湿度，在随机粗糙面双谱散射模型的基础上计算了裸土壤表面的散射系数和发射率，分析了3种不同的微波遥感模态和不同数据组合的等湿度区域分布的特点，从而确定了适合于各个微波遥感模态的输入数据组合。反演结果表明，只要选择适当的人工神经网络输入数据组合，采用3种模态中的任何一种微波遥感模态反演土壤湿度都是可行的，并具有较好的反演精度，结果对于微波遥感反演土壤湿度方案的选取具有指导意义。

关键词：微波遥感土壤湿度反演遥感模态和数据组合人工神经网络

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微波遥感若干前沿技术及新一代空间遥感方法探讨

姜景山,张云华,董晓龙

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第8期页码 76-82

摘要：

随着微波遥感技术在国民经济发展、环境和灾害监测、资源勘探、科学研究以及军事中应用的不断深入，这一技术正在经历着前所未有的发展。文章就当前微波遥感发展的若干前沿技术，例如高性能和新型机理、更高频率的开拓、全电磁波综合探测、小型化以及虚拟探测等进行了分析论述，重点介绍了三维成像雷达高度计、干涉式综合孔经微波辐射计以及虚拟探测技术。最后介绍了全球地形测量编队小卫星的设想。

关键词：微波遥感成像高度计综合孔径微波辐射计空间虚拟控测小卫星

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嫦娥1号卫星微波探月技术机理和应用研究

姜景山,王振占,李芸

《中国工程科学》 2008年第10卷第6期页码 16-22

摘要：

微波探测仪是嫦娥1号卫星有效载荷之一，主要用于测量不同深度的月壤微波辐射亮温，进而反演月壤厚度的信息并对月球的³He资源量和分布进行评估。这是国际上第一次利用被动微波遥感探测器在月球轨道直接测量月表亮温信息。因此，对月壤辐射传输模型的研究是及其必要的。文章分析了月球微波探测的机理和存在的问题，并给出了初步解决途径。

关键词：嫦娥1号微波探测仪遥感月壤微波辐射传输

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全极化微波辐射计遥感海面风场的关键技术和科学问题

王振占,姜景山,刘璟怡,殷晓斌

《中国工程科学》 2008年第10卷第6期页码 76-86

摘要：

全极化微波辐射计是一种新型的微波遥感器，它不但测量目标微波辐射信号的两个正交极化分量，并且测量两个正交极化分量的复相关量。这些相关信息对于表面微波辐射的各向异性更加敏感，这样就提供了测量海面风场的一种手段。文章在介绍国内外全极化微波辐射计现状和特点的基础上，首先对于全极化微波辐射计遥感海面风场的原理及其影响因素进行分析；然后，从全极化微波辐射计的硬件设计和定标两个方面论述了硬件实现的关键技术问题；最后，对于风场反演的有关科学问题进行分析，重点论述了风场反演算法建立的关键，主要技术指标对于风场反演误差的影

关键词：全极化微波辐射计风场反演全极化定标

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先验知识在被动微波遥感土壤湿度反演中的作用和影响

唐路,李宗谦,石长生,王薪

《中国工程科学》 2005年第7卷第3期页码 53-58

摘要：

利用微波遥感的发射率数据反演裸土壤湿度，不可避免需要结合地表面和土壤层的一些先验知识，而先验知识的准确度又将对反演结果的准确度产生一定的影响。文章讨论了地表的高度起伏相关函数形式、土壤温度和土壤质地等三类先验知识，定义了几种不同的土壤湿度反演误差，从而定量地给出三类先验知识的不确定性对土壤湿度反演的影响，指出：基于BSM散射模型和人工神经网络（ANN）的土壤湿度的反演方法是可行的，向ANN输入两种极化的裸土壤表面发射率数据便可反演出裸土壤的湿度，在上述三种先验知识具有一定的不确定性时仍可保证较好土壤湿度反演准确度。

关键词：微波遥感先验知识发射率土壤湿度双谱模型人工神经网络

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Decomposition of perfluorooctanoic acid by microwave-activated persulfate: Effects of temperature, pH

Yuchi LEE, Shanglien LO, Jeff KUO, Chinghong HSIEH

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第1期页码 17-25 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0371-x

摘要： Microwave-hydrothermal treatment of persistent and bioaccumulative perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in water with persulfate ( ) has been found effective. However, applications of this process to effectively remediate PFOA pollution require a better understanding on free-radical scavenging reactions that also take place. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of pH (pH= 2.5, 6.6, 8.8, and 10.5), chloride concentrations (0.01–0.15 mol·L ), and temperature (60°C, 90°C, and 130°C) on persulfate oxidation of PFOA under microwave irradiation. Maximum PFOA degradation occurred at pH 2.5, while little or no degradation at pH 10.5. Lowering system pH resulted in an increase in PFOA degradation rate. Both high pH and chloride concentrations would result in more scavenging of sulfate free radicals and slow down PFOA degradation. When chloride concentrations were less than 0.04 mol·L at 90°C and 0.06 mol·L at 60°C, presence of chloride ions had insignificant impacts on PFOA degradation. However, beyond these concentration levels, PFOA degradation rates reduced significantly with an increase in chloride concentrations, especially under the higher temperature.

关键词： microwave perfluorooctanoic acid pH persulfate chloride ions perfluorocarboxylic acids

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Study on the microwave-assisted extraction of polyphenols from tea

Liyun WANG, Peiyong QIN, Yan HU,

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第3期页码 307-313 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0282-6

摘要： This study demonstrated a promising method for quickly extracting tea polyphenol (TP) by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) technology. Some influential parameters, including MAE temperature, microwave power, concentration of extraction solvent, MAE time and the solid/liquid ratio, were investigated. The optimum condition of MAE was obtained by dual extraction with 60% ethanol (v/v) and the solid/liquid ratio 1:12 g/mL at 80°C for 10 minutes under the microwave power 600 W. The yield of TP was 96.5% under the described condition. Compared with traditional methods, including hot reflux extraction (HRE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), the extraction time was saved 8 times than that of HRE, and the yield was increased by 17.5%. The extraction time at comparable levels of production was saved 2 times, and the energy consumption was one fourth that of UAE. The extraction time was saved 5 times than that of SFE, and the yield of TP was increased by 40%. Moreover, compared with MAE of TP studied by others, it decreased the solid/liquid ratio from 1 ∶ 20 to 1 ∶ 12 g/mL without 90-min pre-leaching time, and the yield of TP was increased by 6%–40%.

关键词： energy consumption microwave-assisted extraction optimum condition pre-leaching concentration

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Novel sensing techniques for full-scale testing of civil structures

Kaoshan DAI, Zhenhua HUANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第3期页码 240-256 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0172-8

摘要： Performing full-scale structural testing is an important methodology for researchers and engineers in the civil engineering industry. Full scale testing helps the researchers understand civil infrastructures’ loading scenarios, behaviors, and health conditions. It helps the engineers verify, polish, and simplify the structural design and analysis theories. To conduct a full-scale structural testing, sensors are used for data acquisitions. To help structural researchers and engineers get familiar with sensing technologies and select the most effective sensors, this study reviewed and categorized new sensing techniques for full-scale structural testing applications. The researchers of this study categorized sensors used for civil-infrastructure testing into traditional contact sensors and remote sensors based upon their application methodologies, and into cabled sensors and wireless sensors based upon their data communication strategies. The detailed descriptions of wireless sensors and remote sensing techniques and their on-site full-scale applications are presented.

关键词： sensing technique full-scale testing wireless sensor remote sensing LiDAR laser vibrometer

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Characterisation of a microwave induced plasma torch for glass surface modification

Adam BENNETT, Nan YU, Fengzhou FANG, Marco CASTELLI, Guoda CHEN, Alessio BALLERI, Takuya URAYAMA

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第16卷第1期页码 122-132 doi: 10.1007/s11465-020-0603-5

摘要： Microwave induced plasma torches find wide applications in material and chemical analysis. Investigation of a coaxial electrode microwave induced plasma (CE–MIP) torch is conducted in this study, making it available for glass surface modification and polishing. A dedicated nozzle is designed to inject secondary gases into the main plasma jet. This study details the adaptation of a characterisation process for CE–MIP technology. Microwave spectrum analysis is used to create a polar plot of the microwave energy being emitted from the coaxial electrode, where the microwave energy couples with the gas to generate the plasma jet. Optical emission spectroscopy analysis is also employed to create spatial maps of the photonic intensity distribution within the plasma jet when different additional gases are injected into it. The CE–MIP torch is experimentally tested for surface energy modification on glass where it creates a super-hydrophilic surface.

关键词： microwave induced plasma spectrum analysis surface modification

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风云三号微波湿度仪天线设计与分析

王宏建,李靖,刘和光,张升伟

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第4期页码 39-45

摘要：

风云三号（FY-3）湿度仪天线接收各种目标的微波辐射能量，因此天线好坏对整个微波湿度仪系统性能及应用影响极大。FY-3湿度仪天线具有高增益、低噪声和高的波束效率，采用偏馈抛物面天线形式，天线频率分别达到150 GHz和183 GHz，是目前国内有效载荷的最高频率，其成功研制填补了我国航天微波遥感的空白，也使我国航天器天线技术进入一个新的领域、实现了一次较大的技术跨越。文章从天线的系统工作模式、组成、设计要点、关键技术及验证等方面阐述该天线子系统的技术设计与创新。

关键词： FY-3湿度仪偏馈抛物面天线波纹喇叭遥感

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Soybean drying characteristics in microwave rotary dryer with forced convection

Ruifang WANG, Zhanyong LI, Yanhua LI, Jingsheng YE

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第3期页码 289-292 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0022-y

摘要： A new hybrid drying technique by combining microwave and forced convection drying within a rotary drum, i.e., microwave rotary drying, was developed with the purpose to improve the uniformity of microwave drying. In a laboratory microwave rotary dryer, rewetted soybean was utilized as experimental material to study the effects of drum rotating speed, ventilation flow rate, and specific microwave power on the drying kinetics and cracking ratio of soybean. It was found that, with rotation, the cracking ratio can be lowered but without distinct improvement in the drying rate. Increasing ventilation flow rate and specific microwave power can improve the drying rate, but the cracking ratio also increases as a negative result. The cracking ratio lower than 10% can be attained for ventilation flow rate lower than 2.0 m ·h or specific microwave energy lower than 0.4 kW·kg in the present experiments.

关键词： cracking microwave rotary drying soybean